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Analysis of energy saving optimization of campus buildings based on energy simulation

Dingding TONG, Jing ZHAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 388-398 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0273-7

摘要： The energy consumption of campus buildings has specific characteristics, because of the concentrated distribution of people’s working time and locations that change in line with distinct seasonal features. The traditional energy system design and operation for campus buildings is only based on the constant room temperature, such as 25°C in summer and 18°C in winter in China, not taking into consideration the real heating or cooling load characteristics of campus buildings with different functions during the whole day and whole year, which usually results in a lot of energy waste. This paper proposes to set different set-point temperatures in different operation stages of public and residential campus buildings to reduce the heating and cooling design load for energy station and total campus energy consumption for annual operation. Taking a campus under construction in Tianjin, China as an example, two kinds of single building models were established as the typical public building and residential building models on the campus. Besides, the models were simulated at both set-point room temperature and constant room temperature respectively. The comparison of the simulation results showed that the single building energy saving method of the peak load clipping could be used for further analysis of the annual energy consumption of campus building groups. The results proved that the strategy of set-point temperature optimization could efficiently reduce the design load and energy consumption of campus building groups.

关键词： campus buildings set-point temperature energy simulation energy saving optimization

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Designs and practices of energy saving in Lhasa Railway Station

Kai CUI, Yungang PAN, Lixin SHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 106-116 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0011-3

摘要： The design, construction, operation and on-site measurement of Lhasa Railway Station was summarized. The problems and corresponding solutions during the implementation of building energy saving design and utilization of solar energy were proposed.

关键词： building energy saving natural ventilation solar energy radiant floor heating

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Modeling China’s energy dilemma: conflicts among energy saving, energy security, and CO 2 mitigation

Feng FU, Zheng LI, Linwei MA,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 295-300 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0104-z

摘要： This study analyzes China’s future energy scenarios stretching until 2050 under different policy portfolios of energy security (e.g., oil import dependency) and CO emissions control. Four scenarios, namely, ① business as usual, ② strong oil import dependency (OID) control, ③ strong CO emissions control, and ④ twofold emphasis on OID and CO emissions control, are designed. The results reveal the existence of conflicts among China’s multiple objectives, particularly energy saving, energy security, and CO mitigation. Based on the analysis, an improvement in China’s efficiency in fossil energy conversion and the promotion of the utilization of non-fossil energy such as nuclear, wind, and hydro energy are recommended. The over-development of coal-derived fuels should also be avoided because of incremental coal consumption and CO emissions. Furthermore, research on and development of carbon capture and storage technologies should be promoted, while the energy efficiency loss caused by integrating these technologies into energy systems should be reduced in view of the high possibility of stricter standards for CO emissions in the future.

关键词： Energy dilemma energy saving energy security CO2 mitigation

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Comparison of different energy saving lights using solar panel

Huzaifa MUBARAK,Saad Bin Abul KASHEM

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第4期页码 466-472 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0417-7

摘要： The recent trend in light emitting diode or LED lighting applications and their claimed energy saving capabilities together with their overall attractiveness has us all convinced that they really are a greener alternative to the compact fluorescent lights or CFL. As convincing as it seems, the actual energy saving capabilities of LEDs are yet to be proven scientifically or at the least, on an empirical level when compared to CFLs. This paper tackles the issue with the use of a solar cell by evaluating the photovoltaic current and voltage generated by the solar cell subjected to each lighting system. Graphical representations are drawn and a conclusion is then reached based on the amount of power generation in the solar cells in order to determine the energy saving capabilities of each lighting system and its efficiency. From the result, it has been found that an LED is 3.7 times more power efficient than a CFL based light source of equal wattage.

关键词： CFL LED empirical solar lumens energy saving fluorescent

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Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 139-151 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0030-7

摘要： With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.

关键词： urban rail transit energy saving speed profile optimization regenerative energy train timetable

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Energy saving design of the machining unit of hobbing machine tool with integrated optimization

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0694-2

摘要： The machining unit of hobbing machine tool accounts for a large portion of the energy consumption during the operating phase. The optimization design is a practical means of energy saving and can reduce energy consumption essentially. However, this issue has rarely been discussed in depth in previous research. A comprehensive function of energy consumption of the machining unit is built to address this problem. Surrogate models are established by using effective fitting methods. An integrated optimization model for reducing tool displacement and energy consumption is developed on the basis of the energy consumption function and surrogate models, and the parameters of the motor and structure are considered simultaneously. Results show that the energy consumption and tool displacement of the machining unit are reduced, indicating that energy saving is achieved and the machining accuracy is guaranteed. The influence of optimization variables on the objectives is analyzed to inform the design.

关键词： energy saving design energy consumption machining unit integrated optimization machine tool

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Advancement in materials for energy-saving lighting devices

Tak H. KIM, Wentai WANG, Qin LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 13-26 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1168-y

摘要： This review provides a comprehensive account of energy efficient lighting devices, their working principles and the advancement of these materials as an underpinning to the development of technology. Particular attention has been given to solid state lighting devices and their applications since they have attracted the most interest and are the most promising. Solid state lighting devices including white light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs (OLEDs), quantum-dot LEDs (QLEDs) and carbon-dot LEDs (CLEDs) are promising energy efficient lighting sources for displays and general lighting. However there is no universal solution that will give better performance and efficiency for all types of applications. LEDs are replacing traditional lamps for both general lighting and display applications, whereas OLEDs are finding their own special applications in various areas. QLEDs and CLEDs have advantages such as high quantum yields, narrow emission spectra, tunable emission spectra and good stability over OLEDs, so applications for these devices are being extended to new types of lighting sources. There is a great deal of research on these materials and their processing technologies and the commercial viability of these technologies appears strong.

关键词： energy-saving lighting devices solid state lighting devices

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溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发

曹湘洪,张爱民

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第7期页码 59-63

摘要：

总结了燕山石化溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发情况。通过改进催化体系，提高反应速度，提高反应器的生产能力，并在聚合反应器中采用带刮刀的搅拌器，同时改进聚合、凝聚、溶剂回收的部分工艺及设备，燕山石化顺丁橡胶的能耗不断下降，达到世界先进水平。溶液聚合合成橡胶凝聚过程热泵技术的工业化，使生产每吨胶可节约1MPa的低压蒸汽0.72t。橡胶溶液直接脱挥，聚丁二烯橡胶气相聚合工艺技术开发,溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）、中乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-丁二烯橡胶（SIBR）、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体（SBS）等新型节能型合成橡胶的技术开发也在进行中，其中SSBR、SBS技术已经工业化。

关键词：溶液聚合合成橡胶节能节能型橡胶

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CORRECTION to: Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 698-698 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0047-y

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Realization of energy-saving glass using photonic crystals

Yen-Hsiang CHEN, Li-Hung LIAO, Yu-Bin CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 178-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0523-9

摘要： This work successfully developed an energy-saving glass with wavelength selectivity. The glass is composed of a SiO substrate and two layers of three-dimensional photonic crystals. Each crystal is composed of identical and transparent polystyrene spheres after their self-assembling. The glass then possesses dual photonic band gaps in the near-infrared region to suppress penetration of thermal radiation. Experimental results show that the energy-saving glass decreases temperature increment in a mini-house. Moreover, the temperature after thermal equilibrium is lower than that inside a counterpart using ordinary glass.

关键词： energy-saving glass photonic crystals polystyrene spheres self-assembly

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碳达峰目标下我国节能潜力分析及对策

黄海霞,程帆,苏义脑,姚良忠,胡健祖

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第6期页码 81-91 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.009

摘要：

当前，我国是全球主要的能源消费和碳排放国家，推行节能战略将是助力实现碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要手段。本文分析了国内外能源消费的现状和特点，研判了我国能源消费的发展趋势，阐述了节能措施对能源发展路径的关键作用，以此厘清我国的节能潜力；基于投入产出法，建立了包括高耗能工业、交通业、建筑业在内的节能潜力评估模型，估算了现有政策场景、强化节能措施场景下我国总体能源消费量和节能潜力情况。在节能场景下，我国的能源消费总量将有效减少，可助力碳排放提前达峰。推进产业结构调整和产能更新，加快能源结构转型，突破革命性绿色低碳能源技术，推广普及节能技术及工艺，降低高耗能产品需求，倡导绿色低碳理念和节能生活方式，是落实节能增效的关键措施。研究建议，持续推动能源消费强度和总量双控；促进高耗能、低附加值产业的转型升级；加强低碳节能技术宣传，加大技术创新支持力度；健全节能法律法规和标准体系；推动渐进式城市更新与无废化建设；强化节能教育并提升节能意识，充分发挥节能增效对碳减排的关键作用。

关键词：节能增效能源强度节能潜力分析能源结构产业重构

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Quantitative research of incentive effects of heat-metering policy on energy-saving behavior in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Haitao MA,HuiZhu YU,Jincheng XING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0332-8

摘要： To promote energy efficiency and emission reduction, the Chinese government has invested large amounts of resources in heat-metering reform over the past decade. However, heat-metering, which can reduce energy consumption by 15% at least in developed countries, is still not well known in China. This paper quantitatively analyzed the arousal effect of heat-metering policy on occupancy behavior regarding energy saving utilizing statistics method based on measured data of heating energy consumption of approximately 20000 users from 2008 to 2012 in Tianjin. The statistical data showed significant difference on energy consumption between users based on metering and based on area. The energy-saving rate in the heating season increased significantly from 4.11% in 2008–2009 to 10.27% in 2011–2012 as the implement of the heat-metering policy. The difference in energy-saving according to various outdoor temperatures showed that the energy-saving of occupancy behavior was more significant in a warm season than in a cold season. It also showed that the impact of heat-metering policy would be more pronounced in generally insulated buildings (15.55%) than in better insulated units (6.45%). Besides, this paper proposed some feasible suggestions for the formulation and implementation of heat-metering policy in northern heating areas of China.

关键词： heat-metering occupancy behavior heating energy consumption policy

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Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 34-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2234-3

摘要： In the traditional extractive distillation process, organic solvents are often used as entrainers. However, environmental influence and high energy-consumption are significant problems in industrial application. In this study, a systematic screening strategy and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process was proposed. The innovative energy-saving design focused on the binary minimum azeotrope mixtures isopropanol and water. Miscibility, environmental impact and physical properties (e.g., melting point and viscosity) of 30 ionic liquids were investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide were selected as candidate entrainers. Feasibility analysis of these two ionic liquids was further performed via residue curve maps, isovolatility line and temperature profiles. An innovative ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process combining distillation column and stripping column was designed and optimized with the objective function of minimizing the total annualized cost. The results demonstrate that the total annualized cost was reduced by 19.9% with 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide as the entrainer and by 24.3% with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide, compared with that of dimethyl sulfoxide. The method proposed in this study is conducive to the green and sustainable development of extractive distillation process.

关键词： ionic liquid entrainer screening feasibility analysis extractive distillation

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现代造纸机的节能与降耗

陈克复,杨旭

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 4-8

摘要：

讨论了装备控制先进、车速在准高速以上的现代造纸机实现节能降耗的几个途径，即改进各操作单元的结构、实施先进的关键技术与装备及提高其抄造率和产品成品率来提高整机效率。详细介绍了现代造纸机各操作单元的先进关键技术，以及这些关键技术对节能降耗的作用。通过分析现代造纸机在技术上仍存在的科技难题及我国的实际情况，提出研发国产现代造纸机的车速及幅宽的定位，并对我国研发及生产现代造纸机装备方面提出了合理的建议。

关键词：节能降耗现代造纸机关键技术

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Energy consumption of 270 schools in Tianjin, China

Jincheng XING,Junjie CHEN,Jihong LING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 217-230 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0352-z

摘要： With the rapid development of education cause, the increasing energy consumption of school buildings is gradually causing widespread concern in recent years in China. This paper presented an analysis of energy consumption of 270 schools located in the city of Tianjin, China. The analysis focused specifically on calculating the space heating energy consumption indexes and non-heating energy consumption indexes of different types of schools, aiming at providing reliable and precise data for the government to elaborate policies and measures. The space heating energy consumption of schools adopting district heating and gas boiler were 92.04 kWh/(m ·a) and 64.25 kWh/(m ·a), respectively. Comparing to the schools without a canteen, the non-heating energy consumption index of schools with a canteen can increase by 8%–37%. Furthermore, clustering of different energy sources, the total primary energy consumption indexes were also presented. Space heating energy consumption accounted for approximately 64%–79% of the total primary energy consumption. When using time-sharing control and self-contained gas boiler instead of district heating, an amount of almost 27.8 kWh/(m ·a) and 77.5 kWh/(m ·a) can be saved respectively. Through extensive statistical analysis of the data collected, this paper demonstrated that gross floor area, heating energy source and canteen had a close relationship with the total primary energy consumption regarding complete schools. Eventually, a linear regression equation was established to make a simple prediction about the total energy consumption of existing complete schools and to estimate the energy consumption of complete schools to be built.

关键词： schools energy consumption index primary energy energy saving regression analysis